LO 10-6 Identify and describe the purpose, types, and operation of oil filtration systems

LO 10-06: Identify and describe the purpose, types, and operation of oil filtration systems.

Types of Oil Filters: Cartridge Versus Spin-On

Spin-on filters, which are enclosed in a metal can that is threaded onto a filter header, were introduced during the 1950s and made changing oil easier and less messy. Since the late 1980s, however, European and North American engine manufacturers have been reverting to the cartridge filters because of a number of problems associated with the use of spin-on filters. One problem is the availability of engine compartment space for filters. Because space is at a premium in the engine compartment of today’s vehicles, the oil filter can be very difficult to locate and change. New cartridge filter housings are usually conveniently located on the top or side of the engine compartment, making them easily accessible. Cartridge filter housings are typically designed with a screw-on cap and a single sealing gasket Figure 53. The housings are ventilated when opened, and the oil flows out of the filter cavity and back to the sump through a separate drain system. Messy spills associated with spin-on filters are eliminated with the internal drain system used by cartridge filters.

Another advantage of a cartridge filter is that it costs significantly less than a spin-on filter. It is reported that almost 80% of the cost of a spin-on filter is due to the steel canister and internal bypass valves. With a cartridge filter, only the pleated media and a gasket are replaced during filter service. This not only reduces the cost but also eliminates unnecessary waste of natural resources. Cartridge filters also allow OEMs to establish standardized oil filter cartridge sizes, reducing the number of different cartridges required to service a particular brand of vehicle or engine.

FIGURE 10-53: Cartridge filters are quickly replacing spin-on filters for environmental, spatial, and accessibility reasons.

©2026 - CDX